The Biology and Psychology of Crowding in Man and Animals
نویسنده
چکیده
Crowding is an ecologic and psychologic aspect of population density which produces a significant impact upon the behavior and physiology both of individuals and of social groups. In animal populations, an optimal level of crowding is often necessary for favorable social interactions, reproduction, and normal group organization. Beyond optimal levels, however, crowding may become a detrimental influence on the well-being of individuals within the population. Crowded animal populations often show a breakdown of normal social behavior, with increased aggression and violence, aberrant sexual activity, improper parental care, and abnormal states of activity, aggregation, or social withdrawal. A variety of stressrelated diseases and mortality patterns may ensue. The human populations of the world are rapidly becoming more crowded through excessive rates of population growth, urbanization, and increased social and communicative contact. Many urban areas throughout the world are showing classic symptoms of crowded animal populations. We cannot, however, attribute all such symptoms to crowding per se, nor can we adequately distinguish all of the multiple interactions of social, economic, political, and biological factors in producing the "inner-city syndrome." In viewing the complex problems of urban ecology and social behavior, it is important to maintain ecologic perspective and to work toward understanding the interactional relationships between man's physical, social, and biologic environments.
منابع مشابه
The Biology and Psychology of Crowding in Man and Animals
Crowding is an ecologic and psychologic aspect of population density which produces a significant impact upon the behavior and physiology both of individuals and of social groups. In animal populations, an optimal level of crowding is often necessary for favorable social interactions, reproduction, and normal group organization. Beyond optimal levels, however, crowding may become a detrimental ...
متن کاملPsychological Analysis of Kiumarth Myth in the Light of the Personality Psychology of Jung
Mythology allocated a large part, fundamental and effectively to the human mind. The knowledge of mythology in fact recognizes the important infrastructure of ideas, culture and civilization. One of the most common ways to study mythology is to implement psychological ideas in mythology. The result is not only a better understanding of mythology, but also a better understanding of human psyche ...
متن کاملInvestigating Cross-Cultural Differences in the Privacy Regulation and Perception of Crowding (Northern and Kurdish Women in Iran)
This study investigated cross-cultural differences in the privacy regulation and perception of crowding amongtwo Iranian sub-cultures (Kurdish and Northern women).The primary purpose of this study was to examine whether Northern and Kurdish women differed in their desired and achieved levels of privacy in parks. The second purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the d...
متن کاملlsolation of parapox viruses from man and animals: cultivation and cellular changes in bovine fetal spleen cells
متن کامل
The prevalence of heterophyidae family in humans and animals in Khuzestan province
heterophyidsis is a common disease in man and animals(Zoonosis),the causative agents are small parasites of 1-2mm from the family of heterophyidae(trematodes)and often has a world-wide prevalence.this study was performed with the objective to determine the prevalence rate and identify the reservoirs of heterophyidae in man during the years 1991-1993 in Khuzestan province.in order to do this in ...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2017